Benefits of a Structured Settlement

One significant advantage of a structured settlement is tax avoidance. With appropriate set-up, a structured settlement may significantly reduce the plaintiff's tax obligations as a result of the settlement, and may in some cases be tax-free.

A structured settlement can protect a plaintiff from having settlement funds dissipated, when they are necessary to pay for future care or needs. Sometimes a structured settlement can help protect a plaintiff from himself - some people simply aren't good with money, or can't say no to relatives who want to "share the wealth", and even a large settlement can be rapidly exhausted. Minors may benefit from a structured settlement as well, such as a settlement which provides for certain costs during their youth, an additional disbursement to pay for college or other educational expenses, and then one or more disbursements in adulthood. An injured person who has long-term special needs may benefit from having periodic lump sums with which to purchase medical equipment or modified vehicles.

In some situations, it will be better for a severely disabled plaintiff to set up a special needs trust, rather than entering into a lump sum or structured settlement. Any plaintiff who is receiving, or expects to receive, Medicaid or other public assistance, or the guardian or conservator entering into a settlement on behalf of a disabled ward, should consult with a disabilities financial planner about their situation before choosing any particular settlement option or structure.

Potential Disadvantages of Structured Settlements

Some people who enter into structured settlements feel trapped by the periodic payments. They may wish to purchase a new home, or other expensive item, yet be unable to muster the resources because they can't borrow against future payments under their settlement.

Some people will do better by accepting a lump sum settlement, and investing it themselves. Many standard investments will give a greater long-term return than the annuities used in structured settlements.

Stone Street Capital Client Tells All

The following comment was left on this blog from a disgruntled client of Stone Street Capital. Please read our notes at the bottom of the page for tips to avoid these types of companies.

“I have included my response to the BBB (Better Business Bureau) and I would like to share with consumers.

I am in reciept(sic.) of the response from Stone Street capital regarding my BBB complaint and would like to respond. I find it highly unlikely that Stone Street would be confused about my feelings or complaints against them as I have been very vocal throughout the transaction. First let me point out that I am exceptionally familiar with the process of this type of transaction as I have sold payments twice before.

I entered into an agreement with Stone Street in November of 2009 with the understanding that the case would be filed right away and that I would be funded by February of 2010 which is why the sale began with my March 2010 payments. I was very much surprised and dissappointed(sic.) when I learned that the case was filed in King County Court until February 1, 2010 which gave us a hearing date of March 16, 2010. As far as the modified deal. Stone Street failed to file the amended documents with the court as required. The sale price that was on record with the court was close to ten thousand dollars less than the ammended(sic.) agreement. As far as purchase price, I feel that I was a victim of bait and switch. I was initially offered a net price of $62,000. The ammended(sic.) documents left me responsible for the $1900 attorney/processing fees.

I feel that everything that I was warned about happened to me in this transaction. I was promised 2 gift cards for agreeing to the transaction and recieved(sic.) one. When asked about it, I was given the cold shoulder. When I was offered a higher price by Genex Capital I tried to Cancel with Stone Street and recieved(sic.) an intimidating almost threatning(sic.) call indicating that I had already entered into the contract with them and it was basically too little too late. I threatened to tell the judge about the other offer and that I didnt(sic.) feel like accepting $10,000 less was in my best interest. Prior to entering into the contract I was NOT provided an explanation of the process and the time frame as councel(sic.) for Stone Street would lead you to believe. Instead I was assured that I would be funded by February 2010. I was warned about “interest dragging” . I feel that I fell victim to this which is why the transaction took literally 5 months or more from beginning to end. To add to my belief that I was a victim of the “interest dragging”, 1 week after the judge approved the order I was advised by my insurance company that they were not in reciept(sic.) of the court order which was necessary to complete the process. I took it upon my self to fax the legal department a copy of the approved order. I contacted the insurance company the following day to confirm reciept(sic.) of the fax. I was advised at that time that they had recieved(sic.) my fax and at that time Stone Street had still not forwarded the court order.

My list of complaints with Stone Street go on and on. It was at the advice of my attorney that I filed a complaint with the BBB. While I have been funded I am in no way satisfied with my experience with Stone Street. I have kept a detailed record of my communication with this company. As far as the courtesy advance that I was given, it was the very least that they could have done. So no, I am far from satisfied with this transaction. Aside from finally being funded I am not satisfied with the response or experience with Stone Street Capital.”

Tips to Avoid Such an Experience

Here are a few tips to avoid an experience like this annuitant faced.

Problem: $1,900 of legal fees were charged to the annuitant in order to complete the transaction.

Solution: A structured settlement factoring company should not charge legal fees for your case. Make sure that the price the company is quoting you is the price you will receive at closing. Sometimes a company will hide this language within the contract and will deduct the cost at the end of the transaction.

Problem: The transaction carried on for a period of 5 months. This is a perfect example of “interest drag”.

Solution: Do not work with a company that does not offer you a time period guarantee. If this client had worked with Settlement Quotes, we would have provided a guarantee stipulating that they would receive the per diem interest accumulated from any delay in the process or transaction.

Problem: The annuitant was offered $10,000 more by Genex Capital unknowing that the cooling off period had expired.

Solution: The solution to this problem is a little more difficult than the others. If the cooling off period (period in which the annuitant has the right to cancel, usually within 3 to 10 days) has expired there isn’t much one can do, but it’s important to do your due diligence prior to signing a contract with a company. Make sure you receive several quotes in order to make sure you are receiving a fair market value for your annuity payments.

Structured Settlements: Issues and Benefits of the Primary and Secondary Market

Most everyone has seen some version of a commercial about structured settlements, usually tied into “getting cash now.”

It can be confusing, complex topic, and many companies are not communicating accurate information. It’s actually a simple concept, but the legal documents make it seem much more complicated than it is.

What is a structured settlement?
A structured settlement, strictly defined, is a negotiated agreement in a tort action to provide payments over time. It happens after a court process where one party was hurt and the other party is told to pay. The matter could be personal injury, worker’s compensation for an on-the-job injury, property loss, wrongful termination or a wrongful death claim where a spouse and/or minor children are seeking compensation for lost wages and intangible support, or similar issues. Structured settlements are not usually considered for minor or short-term injuries.
It should be noted that lottery payments are not structured settlements. Those are agreements for periodic payments over time. There are fewer regulations on how to cash-out those payments – turning that revenue stream into a single payment.

Reaching an agreement on a settlement offer can significantly reduce legal fees for both sides of the complaint. Moreover, the injured, or aggrieved party, can get more money over their lifetime than they would in one big check. This can be especially important if an injured person needs long-term medical care, or if minor children will need support over time and through college.

Due to a tax code change in 1982, structured settlement payments are exempt from federal and state income taxes. A structured settlement guarantees funds at defined intervals, such as monthly, for a specified period of time. Depending on the situation, it could be 20 years, or several decades, and in some cases the parties can receive funds beyond the guaranteed settlement term.

Structured Settlement Benefits
Industry data varies, but we’ve all heard stories about people who “hit the jackpot” with a single big payment, only to end up losing it due to mismanagement. The industry calls it “dissipating” those funds. That is cited as the key benefit to staying with a structured settlement payment arrangement.

Registered Settlement Planner John Darer, president of 4structures.com in Stamford, Conn., said that a primary benefit is that structured settlements represent a “stable, guaranteed” cash flow.

“These funds are free of market volatility, which as we’ve recently seen can be quite brutal,” he said. “Injury victims with no incomes or reduced incomes, cannot absorb those losses. Structured settlements also have built in spend-thrift protection.”

Darer calls himself a “centrist” in that he does not predominantly cater to either the plaintiff (injured party) or defendant (insurance company) in structured settlement planning.

The Process
Developing a structured settlement arrangement will involve attorneys and possibly a settlement planner or financial advisor. The injured party is either filing a claim or suing a defendant, either of which may be covered by an insurance company. There will either be a battle in court, or one of the parties may compromise and settle.

If the decision is to negotiate, then it is best to have a specialist to estimate long-term costs. If someone needs long-term medical care or minor children need funding over the long-term, a professional needs to perform interest rate calculations and estimates of whether medical or other expenses may spike at particular times. An attorney can ensure the language protects his or her client.

Angel Viera, a professional with with L.A.-based Structured Financial Settlements, said that people need to understand that, even if offered a lump sum settlement, they have the option to invest in a tax-free annuity from a highly rated insurance company.

“However, keep in mind that the structured settlement has to be worked into the settlement, Viera said “A tax-free structured settlement annuity cannot be funded once the claimant has received the settlement proceeds.”

Issues and Benefits of Cashing-Out
Because of the guaranteed nature of structured settlements, there are those who are adamantly against factoring, or cashing-out, all or part of a settlement. But then there are life’s realities. Sometimes the claimant does need the “cash now.” But it comes at a price, and that is something to examine and consider.

The question is, at what cost? “There is no question that people will typically lose somewhere between 15 percent and 25 percent of the present value of their remaining payments,” according to Mark Wahlstrom, of Scottsdale, Ariz.-based Wahlstrom and Associates,”I am not against factoring, and I will refer people to firms I think are honest and transparent, but that is the reality.”

Wahlstrom is a structured settlement financial advisor who works almost exclusively with the plaintiff, or injured person’s side. Other advisers work almost exclusively on the side of the insurance company that is financially backing the accused party, or defendant,.

Most of those consulted on this story agree that understanding the “present value of future money” is one of the more misunderstood concepts by consumers. A dollar today is not going to be worth as much as a dollar five years from now.

“I think one of the biggest mistakes people make when cashing out a structured settlement is not adequately shopping their options ,” said Andrew Cravenho, principal of Bloomfield, Conn.-Settlement Quotes LLC. “There is industry data that discounts rates used to calculate present value, generally varying from 8 to 18 percent. These rates are essentially the cost of money. Folks often go to one company and that is it. They don’t look around.”

Settlement Quotes LLC specializes in bringing willing sellers to the most generous settlement buyers. Cravenho said that some of the companies that spend the most on advertising offer the most disadvantageous deals to their clients.

“Our firm searches the full range of structured settlement factoring companies as well as private investors,” he said. “We consistently deliver arrangements for our clients from firms that offer discount rates in the 7.5 – 9 percent range. Shopping around can pay huge dividends.”

The difference between 7.5 percent and 18 percent on an average settlement is $125,000 compared to $85,000-a whopping $40,000 difference.

“The policy of some firms is to charge 18 percent on every transaction,” he concluded.

Another way to lose more money in a factoring deal is sometimes referred to as “interest drag.”.This means the present value of future payments is fixed when the seller agrees with the terms and signs the paperwork. After the paperwork is signed, firms can vary significantly in how quickly they execute the deal. The longer it takes for money to be transferred from the buyer to the seller, the more profit the buyer makes, and the more money the settlement seller loses.

To address this, Cravenho said that Settlement Quotes agrees to pay a per diem fee to the seller between the day the terms of the cash-out are contractually set and the day the funds are disbursed. That prevents any interest drag loss to the seller and eliminates any financial incentive to delay the final payment.

Darer, the settlement planner, also recommends that sellers take control by using a structured settlement factoring discount rate calculator found at www.structuredsettlement-quotes.com or the Structured Settlements 4Real blog at www.structuredsettlements.typepad.com . The calculator helps consumers easily discover for themselves what the real, or effective, discount rate is on their planned transaction. They do not have to rely on the buyer.

Factoring deals must also be approved by state courts, using the general standard of whether the factoring arrangement is in the best interest of the person receiving the settlement payments, or any dependent party supported by the payments. Darer points out that 46 states have laws in place regulating this process. Forty-one states are closely modeled on a model law enacted by the NCOIL (National Council of Insurance Legislators). A few states that enacted legislation before NCOIL’s model law was drafted closely resemble it, Darer said. In general, these laws call for the disclosure of the transaction details to the seller, notice to other interested parties, a strong warning to seek professional advice and finally court approval based upon the “best interest” standard referenced above.

For example, North Carolina recently passed restrictions that make it impossible to cash-out a structured settlement. The majority of states, however, are fairly uniform in the way they look at factoring of structured settlements, Cravenho said.

There are reported cases of attorneys taking factoring deals to court with what are more frivolous reasons for cashing out structured settlements, like buying a sports car or other luxury items. Courts will reject such requests. The annuitant is still liable for attorney fees, but is not getting a factored advance on their settlement payments.

###

Resources
John Darer, registered settlement planner and president of Stamford, Conn.-based 4structures.com LLC, www.4structures.com.
Angel Viera of Los Angeles-based Structured Financial Settlements, www.structured-settlements.com.
Mark Wahlstrom, a structured settlement financial advisor with Wahlstrom and Associates based in Scottsdale, Ariz. www.wahlstromandassociates.squarespace.com
Andrew Cravenho, principal of Bloomfield, Conn.-based Settlement Quotes LLC. www.structuredsettlement-quotes.com
Settlement Factoring Discount Rate Calculator, www.structuredsettlement-quotes.com or www.structuredsettlements.typepad.com
Washington, D.C.-based National Structured Settlements Trade Association, www.nssta.com

Understanding Structured Settlements

What is a Structured Settlement? How does it work for me?

Have you brought a lawsuit against a company or an individual that you claim caused you permanent harm as a result of their negligence or intentional misconduct? (that’s just a fancy “lawyer” way of saying that you’re hurt and you say it’s their fault). Did you win or settle your lawsuit? If so, then you need to understand the basics about structured settlements, as it may be an important option to consider.

Ordinarily, when you win a judgment or settle your lawsuit the defendant has to pay you the judgment or settlement amount in a lump sum. Let’s say, for example, you have a form of cancer caused by asbestos called asbestosis. You sue the asbestos manufacturer, who agrees to settle out of court for a million dollars (don’t get excited or disappointed; this is just an imaginary amount for example purposes). You get a check for a million dollars, right?

That’s one option, but a structured settlement might make more sense depending on your circumstances. A structured settlement pays you in installments over time instead of a single lump sum.

Installment payments can be structured in a number of ways to suit your needs and to protect you from inflation. They can range from a simple yearly payment to complex arrangements consisting of an initial lump sum payment, monthly indexed installments, deferred payments, and special provisions relating to the future care or death of the insured.

Typically, the defendant would purchase an annuity (from an annuity or insurance company) for a dollar amount that is paid up front. The annuity provides regularly scheduled income payments as specified by you and your attorney under the terms of the structured settlement.

What are the advantages of a structured settlement? Well, for one thing, you are guaranteed a source in income for life. A second important advantage is tax management: you may be able to substantially reduce the taxes you would have to pay Uncle Sam on any investment income that would otherwise accrue from investment of a lump sum settlement.

Apart from the tax savings, it’s also important to "know thy self" when making a decision about structured settlements. Are you the kind of person who would head to Vegas, do a little world travel, buy lots of toys, and basically blow your money until you have nothing left of your million dollars in a year or two? If so, a structured settlement might be the way to go.

There are some negatives, however, that you need to be aware of. First, once you agree to it, you are stuck with the terms of the structured settlement. You cannot change it at some later date. Hence, it’s very important to be represented by a good attorney and tax advisor who will help negotiate structured settlement terms that meet your needs, such as protection from rising inflation. If you don’t expect to live very long, on the other hand, you may want a settlement that guarantees a minimum payment even if you die before the guarantee period expires. This can protect your family or beneficiaries from being left without financial resources.

Contrary to the suspicions of some uniformed plaintiffs, structured settlements are not intended to and do not (assuming you are represented by a decent lawyer) re-assess or change your award. They are simply a device to allow for payment of your judgment or settlement over time, or on an installment basis. They are flexible and can be structured to meet many needs and life circumstances.

People who receive structured settlement payments however may decide at some point during the life of the settlement that they need more money in the short term rather than periodic payments over time. In this case, some people opt for a structured settlement factoring transaction. With this type of transaction the structured settlement recipient can sell (or encumber) all or part of their future periodic payments for a present lump sum.

While a structured settlement is not appropriate for everyone, they can be very useful, depending on your needs. Your attorney can help you evaluate whether they are suitable for you. Some additional links with more information about structured settlements are included at the bottom of this page.

This article is intended to provide general information only, not legal advice. Please consult an attorney for advice in connection with structured settlements or any of the issues addressed in this article.

Structured settlements - examples

Participants in a typical structured settlement

A structured settlement

At the age of 19, Paul was seriously injured when a public walkway collapsed under him. Paul’s lawyer made a claim for compensation against the public authority responsible for the walkway. After negotiations between the parties, the public authority admitted liability (fault).

The following settlement agreement was reached between the parties:

• The public authority will pay an immediate cash sum of $500,000 to Paul to pay existing debts and costs.
  
• The public authority will purchase a personal injury annuity for Paul from a life insurance company. This annuity will start at $30,000 per year, with payments paid to Paul monthly, indexed to the consumer price index (CPI), payable for as long as Paul lives and guaranteed for the first 10 years.

The annuity payments will be exempt from tax when received by Paul. The immediate cash sum will also be tax-exempt.

A structured settlement involving a minor and a trust

At the age of 10, Chris was in a car accident when the car driven by his father collided with another car. He sustained a serious head injury, resulting in permanent brain damage. Chris is permanently unable to work and his financial affairs need to be managed by a trustee on his behalf.

A claim for compensation was made against the driver of the other car (the defendant). The other driver was insured, so their insurance company defended the claim.

Chris’s lawyer negotiated a structured settlement agreement in which the defendant’s insurance company agreed to pay the following compensation:

• An immediate lump sum of $420,000 will be paid to Chris’s trustee to settle Chris’s existing debts and meet some of his future expenses.
  
• The insurance company will purchase two personal injury annuities for Chris from two different life insurance companies:
  
• The first annuity will provide periodic payments for Chris, starting at $12,500 per year*, payable in monthly payments, continuing for the term of Chris’s life, increasing in line with the CPI and guaranteed for the first 10 years.
  
• The second annuity will provide periodic payments for Chris, starting at $30,000 per year, payable annually, continuing for the shorter of 30 years or Chris’s life, increasing at 5% per year compound with no guarantee period.

This settlement agreement was approved by the court (as required under state law because Chris, being under 18 years old, has a legal incapacity). The annuity payments are tax-exempt when received by Chris’s trustee on his behalf.

* The minimum level of monthly support requires that the pension be equal to or greater than the maximum basic rate of the age pension. The payments under the first annuity to Chris were greater than the minimum monthly level of support at the date of the settlement order.

A structured settlement involving a single personal injury lump sum

A structured settlement agreement included the following payments:

• a personal injury annuity of $1,400 per month that satisfies the requirements for providing the minimum monthly level of support – the payments are indexed to increase in line with the CPI and are guaranteed for 10 years from the date of settlement
  
• another personal injury annuity paying $15,000 per year for 10 years
  
• a personal injury lump sum of $100,000 payable in 15 years if the injured person is alive at that time, and
  
• an immediate cash lump sum of $250,000.

The personal injury annuity payments and the personal injury lump sum payment will be tax-exempt.

A structured settlement involving a series of personal injury lump sums

At the age of 32, Robert was involved in a motorbike accident and acquired a spinal cord injury resulting in quadriplegia. A motorist failed to stop at a red light and the car hit Robert’s bike.

Robert engaged a lawyer to make a claim for compensation for personal injury against the motorist. The motorist was insured and the insurance company defended the claim on its client’s behalf.

The parties reached the following structured settlement agreement:

• The insurer will pay Robert an immediate cash sum of $565,000. Robert can use this amount to pay his lawyers, pay off his debts and purchase some equipment.
  
• The insurer will also purchase for Robert a personal injury annuity that will provide him with periodic payments, starting at $2,000 per month and continuing for as long as he lives. The payments are indexed to increase in line with the CPI and are guaranteed for 10 years from the date of settlement. The monthly payments will be used to cover his medical expenses and other living costs.
  
• The insurer will also purchase for Robert a series of personal injury lump sums. These eight payments are spaced out every five years and will be payable if Robert is alive on the agreed payment dates. The agreed dates and amounts are as follows:
  
• after five years – $10,000
• after a further five years – $25,000
• after a further five years – $40,000
• after a further five years – $50,000
• after a further five years – $75,000
• after a further five years – $100,000
• after a further five years – $150,000, and
• after a further five years – $200,000.

It is expected that Robert will use these payments to replace his wheelchair every five years and to cover other expenses.

The personal injury annuity payments and the personal injury lump sum payment will be tax-exempt.

Two annuities that together meet the minimum monthly level of support

Tony was seriously injured because of medical negligence, for which the hospital admitted liability. Tony and the hospital agreed to the following settlement agreement:

• The hospital will pay an immediate cash lump sum of $500,000 directly to Tony.
  
• The hospital will purchase two personal injury annuities from two different life insurance companies. Each annuity starts at $8,500 per year, with monthly payments, payable for as long as Tony lives and indexed to increase in line with the CPI.

These annuities together total $17,000, which more than meets the minimum monthly level of support requirement. The payments from both annuities and the lump sum payment will be tax-exempt.

Court deciding liability and no immediate cash payment

Helen acquired quadriplegia as a result of a car accident. A claim for compensation was made against the other driver involved in the accident. The other driver’s insurer defended the claim. The parties (Helen and the other driver’s insurer) could not agree on who was at fault so the case went to court and a judge made a decision that the other driver was 70% liable.

The judge indicated that a settlement figure of $1.5 million could be considered appropriate and the case was adjourned so that the parties could consider arranging a structured settlement.

The parties were able to reach the following structured settlement agreement:

• The insurer agreed to purchase a personal injury annuity, starting at $35,000, payable monthly, indexed to the CPI and guaranteed for 10 years from the date of settlement.
  
• The insurer agreed to purchase a second personal injury annuity, starting at $10,000, payable quarterly, indexed at 4% and with no guarantee period.
  
• The insurer agreed to purchase a series of personal injury lump sums, starting at $15,000, payable every five years for as long as Helen lives, and indexed to increase in line with the CPI.

Note that Helen had a private insurance policy that provided her with sufficient money to pay her debts and set up her living arrangements, so she did not need an immediate cash lump sum as part of her structured settlement.

The personal injury annuity and personal injury lump sum payments are tax-exempt. Also, the court is not required to endorse this settlement.

Defendant pays compensation in the form of an annuity (not a structured settlement)

Kerry was injured at birth through the negligent use of forceps. The doctor’s employer, a local government health authority, admitted liability and agreed to a settlement under which it would pay an annuity to Kerry over her lifetime.

The doctor’s employer is not a life insurance company or a state insurer. As the annuity has not been purchased from a life insurance company or a state insurer, it will not be exempt from tax.

Effect of a guarantee period

Geoff is an injured person who is receiving a tax-free personal injury annuity under a structured settlement. The annuity has a guarantee period of 10 years from the date of settlement.

Geoff's sons Michael and Robin are specified in the annuity contract as the reversionary beneficiaries. Geoff dies five years from the date of settlement.

Michael and Robin are entitled to receive the payments that would have been payable to Geoff over the remaining five years of the guarantee period, or a lump sum to the value of the remaining payments (less any increases).

With either choice, the payments would be exempt from income tax.

Injured person uses a lump sum to purchase an annuity (not a structured settlement)

David settles a claim against Anne for a personal injury he has sustained. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, Anne is obliged to pay David a lump sum amount. David uses the lump sum to purchase an annuity from a life insurance company.

The annuity is not a personal injury annuity and therefore will not qualify for the tax exemption. If the settlement agreement had specified that Anne or her insurer would use the lump sum to purchase a personal injury annuity from a life insurance company, the arrangement would be a structured settlement (assuming all the other requirements of the tax legislation were met, including the minimum level of support).

Court approving a structured settlement for a minor

At the age of nine, Peter was struck by a car and sustained a serious injury. When Peter was 15, his legal personal representative made a claim for compensation against the driver of the car. The driver has insurance and the insurance company defended the claim. The claim was settled. Peter is a minor and considered to be unable to manage financial matters so the settlement involves the establishment of a trust and court approval.

The settlement agreed to and approved by the court is as follows:

• The insurer will pay an immediate lump sum of $250,000 to the trustees for investment on Peter’s behalf to meet medical costs and other expenses incurred up to the date of settlement.
  
• The insurer will buy a personal injury annuity that will pay the trustees $23,000 a year, indexed by the All Groups CPI, payable for the duration of Peter’s life and guaranteed for the first 10 years.

If all the eligibility conditions are met, the annuity will be exempt from tax in the hands of the trustee and also when payments are made to Peter, or applied for the benefit of Peter. The lump sum is also tax-exempt. The exemption does not apply to investment income derived by the trustee from the investment of the lump sum of $250,000.

Person injured while overseas

While holidaying overseas, Phil was severely injured in a motor vehicle accident. He has returned to Australia. Phil seeks compensation from the driver of the other car under the laws of the nation where the accident occurred. The other driver is insured and the insurance company reaches an agreement with Phil. Under the terms of the agreement, the insurance company pays an immediate lump sum of $300,000 to Phil and purchases a personal injury annuity of $25,000 per year from an Australian life insurance company. This annuity will be paid monthly and indexed to the CPI.

The lump sum payment and the personal injury annuity are exempt from income tax. However, if the annuity had been purchased from a foreign life insurance company that was not registered under the Life Insurance Act 1995, the annuity would not qualify for exemption from income tax.

Cash for Structured Settlement - Easy Step By Step Guide

Usually, claims or damages will be taken after a long delay, due to the settlement process will be long. Whether the claim due to injury before the placement, as well as dragging out the process for a long time. Is usually configure this settlement will be paid. Even if you receive structured payments, rising costs and limited support and was insufficient to bills will be found.

In this case, it is best to go for the lump-sum payment. This option is configured to convert the lump sum structured settlement can be resolved by special agents of the finance companies. Under The correct approach, it is relatively simple and easy process. Company, reliable and efficient private money shall be deposited in your account within a few months.

Process described here is the best. The only requirement for you to sell you a cash settlement to compensate for the placement and a good experience and reliable company's shares, it is necessary for the visit. You can call this a major project to these companies for recommendation. Any cases or complaints about the company's use to refer to the BBB.

Almost all firms to fill out a simple form which has a website on the Internet. Form with requirements, based on the credentials that you want. An expert from the company after a short time, and get the facts and discuss the various processes, including the transformation. Why you need a net result of the collective of all the issues, and can discuss this State. Medical bills unreasonable, and household expenses, such as children's education or be anything.

You must read and understand the regulations and rules to deal openly with the company before you decide. If everything is fine, and demand cash for the company, only you can decide to use will be within 2-3 months. Another option is to get structured settlement cash on the spot. Even if the cut above in the previous period and may request cash advances. Only a small amount so that you can get enough to manage expenses.

I lump all individuals and we must not forget to win. Must be for personal reasons are valid and noted the judge should be addressed. Unless you confirm the cause of judges, and shall have the right in the presence of swelling. It is therefore very important is that it is best to approach the effective guidance of the organization. Is usually much higher than the organizations, thus reducing the waiting period to receive and take it to increase the likelihood of specialist lawyers there.

Structural solutions of the organizer or annual settlements, please contact the Fairfield advisers Settlement Fund on the sale to get cash today for more information.

Fairfield fund structured settlements and lottery payments, and specialized in the purchase of annual payments. We are your lottery prize to provide structural solutions for the wholesale cash and cash equivalents.

LOCAL SOIL CONDITIONS DURING STRUCTURAL the earthquake of EFFECTS ON BEHAVIORAL CLASSIFICATION by DIRECTION

Earthquake caused damage in the structure of the different effects of local soil conditions under
It is not known. This affects mainly the inertia effect of structures during earthquakes
forces and the structure of foundation soil liquefaction during earthquakes, power losses and move
that may occur due to excessive displacements are negative. Reason for building this structure
Before forming the foundation soil layers in land likely to be present during an earthquake
behavior should be examined. Specification of the structure in the world until 1970 local
ground conditions are generally not taken into account. Seismic data obtained in recent years and
86
Based on observations of earthquake damage to the structural specifications, both in
taking into account local soil conditions microzonation work being performed.
Constructive potential of earthquake damage, although important in the formation of geological structures
local and point is known to have a significant impact of soil properties (Seed and Idriss, 1969;
Seed et al., 1972, Chang et al., 1994). The dynamics of soil and other construction under static loading
show quite different behavior of engineering materials and equipment to be
geotechnical properties of soils in the region varies because of the settlement
will open new areas in terms of evaluating the suitability of the placement, or placement
identification of the earthquake zone, and evaluate how this may affect the region
be done to define the geology and local soil conditions to be surveyed in detail
is required.
A settlement in the region will be assessed for the suitability of local ground conditions
examine the specific purpose ie: size, duration and frequency content of earthquake against
determine the dynamic response of local soil will show. Local soil properties
For each project site laboratory and field investigation to be made based on the experimental work,
In these studies will be valid during the loading conditions of the land to be taken into account
is required. Earthquakes occur, especially during the structural damage of local ground conditions
very significant impact on the severe earthquake that occurred recently in
with the instrumental measurements and determine the structural damage was observed.
In this study, within the boundaries of Kucukcekmece County, geological structure and ground
Besides this, showing different characteristics in terms of features and placement Sefakoy
regions, according to local soil conditions, zoning was conducted. For this purpose Stars
Technical University conducted by the Department of Geotechnical and Sefakoy Kucukcekmece
of settlement, the settlement made under the project for conformity assessment
land drilling and seismic measurements in the study area utilizing their grounds of America
The new building will be held in the United States and other structures earthquake-resistant design
and for construction of a regulation specifying the conditions must be complied with, and Turkey NEHRP'e
Earthquakes are classified according to the regulations. In addition, one-dimensional dynamic analysis of the region
EERA program behavior by analyzing the spectral accelerations are determined. Classification
As a result of both regulation spectra with spectra obtained from the design behavior
values are compared.